Back End Developer Roadmap

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What is Back End?

All mobile apps and websites are made of two parts: Front End and Back End.

When you log in to a website with your username and password and the site remembers you every time, that is the work of a Back-End developer.

Storing all the data, controlling who can access which information, and many other things that users never see — all of these are done by the Back-End developer.

Who is a Back-End Developer?

A Back-End Developer is the person who gives “life” to a software or website.

For example, when you want to sign up on a website and you wait for a verification code to be sent to your phone, it is the Back-End developer who makes that SMS get sent to you.

Who will be more successful in Back-End development?

If you have the traits below, you will probably do better in Back-End programming:

  • Someone who enjoys dealing with complex problems
  • Someone who likes solving puzzles
  • Someone who is careful and detail-oriented
  • Someone who isn’t interested in things like colors or visual layout
  • Someone who is a natural strategist
  • Someone who thinks about different scenarios before doing something
  • Someone who likes the “mystery” behind systems and wants to know what happens behind the scenes
  • Someone who prefers backstage roles if helping with a TV show
  • Someone who doesn’t care about being seen, but wants to build the foundations that others rely on

But don’t worry if you don’t have all these traits.

These are not strict rules. If you feel interested in Back-End development, try it!

I cannot tell you, “You are not good for Back-End.” Only you can discover that by trying.

How is the job market for Back-End development?

To understand how big the Back-End job market is, you can simply go to job-search websites and search for the term “Back End.”

You will quickly see how many companies are looking for Back-End developers and how much demand there is in this field.

How can you become a Back-End developer?

I have prepared a roadmap for you, and it includes everything you need to learn.

This roadmap is designed with a strong focus on the job market.

That means I have tried to include only the skills that are really necessary for getting your first job.

Of course, there are many more things you can learn in Back-End development, but this roadmap covers the most important ones you need to start working and earning money.

Title Subcategories Junior Mid-level Senior
Internet & Networking Basics Beginner Intermediate Expert
OS & Terminal Linux Basics Beginner Intermediate Expert
Bash & Shell Scripting Beginner Expert
Programming Language Python Fundamentals Intermediate Expert Expert
OOP & Advanced Python Beginner Intermediate Expert
Algorithms & Data Structures Language Oriented Algorithms Beginner Intermediate Expert
Problem Solving & Data Structures Intermediate Expert
Package & Env Management pip & Virtualenv Beginner Intermediate Expert
Poetry / Pipenv Beginner Expert
Databases Relational DB & SQL Beginner Intermediate Expert
NoSQL (MongoDB, …) Beginner Expert
ORM (Django ORM / SQLAlchemy) Beginner Intermediate Expert
Python Web Frameworks Django Beginner Intermediate Expert
Flask Beginner Intermediate Expert
FastAPI Beginner Expert
API Design & Integration REST Beginner Intermediate Expert
GraphQL Beginner Expert
WebSocket Beginner Expert
Authentication & Authorization Beginner Expert Expert
Security (OWASP, Best Practices) Beginner Intermediate Expert
Testing unittest / pytest Beginner Intermediate Expert
Integration & API Tests Intermediate Expert
Caching & Message Queues Redis Beginner Intermediate Expert
RabbitMQ / Kafka Beginner Expert
Architecture & Patterns Design Patterns Intermediate Expert
Microservices / Clean Architecture Beginner Expert
Version Control & CI/CD Git Beginner Intermediate Expert
Github / GitLab Beginner Intermediate Expert
CI/CD (Github Actions, GitLab CI) Intermediate Expert
Containers & Orchestration Docker Beginner Intermediate Expert
Kubernetes Beginner Expert
Deployment & Cloud VPS & Web Servers (Nginx, Gunicorn) Beginner Intermediate Expert
Cloud Providers (AWS / GCP / Azure) Beginner Expert
Logging & Monitoring (ELK, Prometheus, …) Beginner Expert
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